Ancient Greece
Geography of Greece
-Greece is made up of a peninsula and a series of small islands.
-Peninsula is a small land surrounded by water.
-The region is very mountainous and has little farmland.
-The region is very rocky and is good for fishing
Good of Geography
-Made sea trade possible & cultural diffusion
-The mountains made the Greeks build city-states instead of one country.
-Greece is made up of a peninsula and a series of small islands.
-Peninsula is a small land surrounded by water.
-The region is very mountainous and has little farmland.
-The region is very rocky and is good for fishing
Good of Geography
-Made sea trade possible & cultural diffusion
-The mountains made the Greeks build city-states instead of one country.
What are City-states?
It is a city with it's own laws, ruler and money (it acts like a mini country and works with other city-states)
1st city states were Sparta, Athens and Masedene they all came together to make Greece.
It is a city with it's own laws, ruler and money (it acts like a mini country and works with other city-states)
1st city states were Sparta, Athens and Masedene they all came together to make Greece.
Goverment
Sparta and Little Summary
Sparta-Sparta had an Tyranny and a Oligarchy government at the same time. They lived for war and it was important for everyone to learn to wield the sword. From ages 7-60 men and boys went to the army.At the age of 60 the men joined the government,.
Education-People had a little time learning. Women required to be educated physically.
Social Life- Early childhood to the old childhood people trained and prepared for war. They had helots to do labor. They said we shouldn't waste time "our men are our walls"
Military-They lived for war. 7-60 went to the army.
Sparta-Sparta had an Tyranny and a Oligarchy government at the same time. They lived for war and it was important for everyone to learn to wield the sword. From ages 7-60 men and boys went to the army.At the age of 60 the men joined the government,.
Education-People had a little time learning. Women required to be educated physically.
Social Life- Early childhood to the old childhood people trained and prepared for war. They had helots to do labor. They said we shouldn't waste time "our men are our walls"
Military-They lived for war. 7-60 went to the army.
Athens little summary
Athens-Athens unlike Sparta believed in complex and peaceful society, They believed education was essential. Education covered the following aspects: science, literature and music featuring the harp.
Education-Girls were not educated and stayed at home to learn to read.
Social Life- People were eager to learn ideas, valued education. Believed int the arts( expression of ideas)
Military- At the age of 18 boys went to the military.
Athens-Athens unlike Sparta believed in complex and peaceful society, They believed education was essential. Education covered the following aspects: science, literature and music featuring the harp.
Education-Girls were not educated and stayed at home to learn to read.
Social Life- People were eager to learn ideas, valued education. Believed int the arts( expression of ideas)
Military- At the age of 18 boys went to the military.
Greek Philosophers
A Philosopher is...
someone who challenges ways of thinking of varies subject such as government, nature, religion, etc.
The first picture is Socrates, the second is Plato and the third is Aristotle
The Battle Of Thermopylae
*Hellespont-The long, narrow body of water between Europe and Asia in present day Turkey.
After King Darius's death his son took over. He made an army of more than 180,000 soldiers and they crossed the Hellespont. Athens and Sparta worked together to fight the Persians. Spartans stared at Thermopylae were the Persian army would walk through. When the Persians tried to get through they were pushed back.One Greek traitor told the Persians about the secret path through the mountains and the Persians manged to come through. They fought until their weapons broke. The Greeks lost and were killed but they were never forgotten for their bravery.
*Hellespont-The long, narrow body of water between Europe and Asia in present day Turkey.
After King Darius's death his son took over. He made an army of more than 180,000 soldiers and they crossed the Hellespont. Athens and Sparta worked together to fight the Persians. Spartans stared at Thermopylae were the Persian army would walk through. When the Persians tried to get through they were pushed back.One Greek traitor told the Persians about the secret path through the mountains and the Persians manged to come through. They fought until their weapons broke. The Greeks lost and were killed but they were never forgotten for their bravery.
Go to section 28.4 for the full chapter on The Battle of Thermoplylae
GREEK RELIGION
-The people of Greece believed in gods and goddesses like Zeus, Hades etc.
Gladiators
Gladiator games started as a religious event to entertain the Romans
Gladiators were condemned criminals, prisoners of war, or slaves
Professional Gladiators were free men who volunteered to participate in the games
Participants could earn their freedom if they survived 3 to 5 years of training
They were allowed to choose their own weapons and were provided with armor
The early games ended not in a literal death of the participants but in their symbolic death as defeated athletes
The games were typically fought in large arenas (most famous being the Coliseum).
Gladiator games started as a religious event to entertain the Romans
Gladiators were condemned criminals, prisoners of war, or slaves
Professional Gladiators were free men who volunteered to participate in the games
Participants could earn their freedom if they survived 3 to 5 years of training
They were allowed to choose their own weapons and were provided with armor
The early games ended not in a literal death of the participants but in their symbolic death as defeated athletes
The games were typically fought in large arenas (most famous being the Coliseum).
Alexandar the Great
Ancient Rome
The Republic/The citizens of Rome
The Roman People were divided into two classes the Patricians and the Plebeians.
Patricians were the rich nobles who owned large estates and were the decedents from the founders of the city .
Plebeians- Were the ordinary people and craftsmen.
They all met in an assemble were they all vote. The assembly was made of 3 parts. It consisted of the 2 consuls,the magistrates and the tribunes.
The 2 consuls- They governed the city and were elected for one year and could not be elected until the next 10 years, They both had to agree before a decision was made.
The Magistrates-They were officials who were appointed to the judges to look after the cities finances and other jobs.
The Tribunes- They were appointed to protect the ordinary people against the unfair treatment.
The Senate- When magistrates retire they become part of the senate. They had lots of experience and gave advice tot he consuls. The Senate became very important and ended up ruling all of Rome.
The Roman People were divided into two classes the Patricians and the Plebeians.
Patricians were the rich nobles who owned large estates and were the decedents from the founders of the city .
Plebeians- Were the ordinary people and craftsmen.
They all met in an assemble were they all vote. The assembly was made of 3 parts. It consisted of the 2 consuls,the magistrates and the tribunes.
The 2 consuls- They governed the city and were elected for one year and could not be elected until the next 10 years, They both had to agree before a decision was made.
The Magistrates-They were officials who were appointed to the judges to look after the cities finances and other jobs.
The Tribunes- They were appointed to protect the ordinary people against the unfair treatment.
The Senate- When magistrates retire they become part of the senate. They had lots of experience and gave advice tot he consuls. The Senate became very important and ended up ruling all of Rome.
The 12 tables
The 12 tables gave the right to protect the citizens with the law. The laws were now written so the patricians would not edit them and take advantage. These laws were carved on 12 tables and hung in the Senate's house.
The 12 tables gave the right to protect the citizens with the law. The laws were now written so the patricians would not edit them and take advantage. These laws were carved on 12 tables and hung in the Senate's house.
Rome's Commercial Network
Rome's location gave it easy access to trade (cultural diffusion) using the Mediterranean sea.They traded Roman wine and olive oil for manufactured and raw goods. Stronger cities like Carthage didn't like that Rome was able to trade sot hey interfered.
Rome's location gave it easy access to trade (cultural diffusion) using the Mediterranean sea.They traded Roman wine and olive oil for manufactured and raw goods. Stronger cities like Carthage didn't like that Rome was able to trade sot hey interfered.
War with Carthage
In 264 B.C.E Rome and Carthage went to war. It began of 3 Punic wars with ling struggle. The 1st Punic war lasted for 23 years and was defeated by Carthage. This was because of the mastermind 23 year old Carthaginian general Hannibal. He was a brilliant leader and swore that he will always hate Rome ans seek to destroy it. Hannibal's army consisted of 50,00 men, 9,00 horses and 60 elephants. Hannibal came through the Appalachian Mountains and defeated many Romans. The Romans used their allies and stood firm. At the end with the help of Rome's allies they helped prevent Hannibal from taking Rome. They did this by finding a ruler just as strong as Hannibal named Supio and he made a plan to attack and the Roman's won.
In 264 B.C.E Rome and Carthage went to war. It began of 3 Punic wars with ling struggle. The 1st Punic war lasted for 23 years and was defeated by Carthage. This was because of the mastermind 23 year old Carthaginian general Hannibal. He was a brilliant leader and swore that he will always hate Rome ans seek to destroy it. Hannibal's army consisted of 50,00 men, 9,00 horses and 60 elephants. Hannibal came through the Appalachian Mountains and defeated many Romans. The Romans used their allies and stood firm. At the end with the help of Rome's allies they helped prevent Hannibal from taking Rome. They did this by finding a ruler just as strong as Hannibal named Supio and he made a plan to attack and the Roman's won.
Some vocabulary words to know.................
Legion-Roman soldiers were organized in groups of 5,00 soldiers.
Dictator-The time of crisis with the 2 consuls a dictator became ruler for 6 months having all power and control.
Republic-Citizens have the right to vote for ruler.
Legion-Roman soldiers were organized in groups of 5,00 soldiers.
Dictator-The time of crisis with the 2 consuls a dictator became ruler for 6 months having all power and control.
Republic-Citizens have the right to vote for ruler.
Julius Caesar
Achievements
Achievements
- Roman military general who seized power and became the Emperor of the Roman Republic from 59 B.C.E to 44 B.C.E.
- Created jobs for poor Roman Citizens
- Forced land owners to use paid workers and slaves
- Distributed land conquered by Roman army to poor citizens
- A group of roman senators led by Brutus stabbed Caesar to death outside the senate building.
- Other senators were jealous of his power and wanted the power
- Feared that Caesar would help the poor and one day they will be as powerfull as them.
- Feared that with Caesar's power he can ruin Rome
Julius Caesar's Death -BEING STABBED :'(-
Review Sheet for Ancient Greece and Rome made by Ms.Yousry :D
Global Studies Semester 2 Final Exam Review - Ancient Greece and Rome
"When you want something you've never had, you have to do something you have never done" -Unkown (ARGUE 3)
All over the world people are afraid to try new things, experience new emotions and learning new cultures. This quote portrays that if you want something you have to tr no matter what. It takes a brave person to try new tings and it isn't always easy. An event that reminds me of this quote is the wall street movement where the people were not afraid to go out into the streets and protest for their rights from the government even know they know they might not win or get injured. Also the Egyptian revolution was another incident were the Egyptians fought against their government and tried a new thing. Their new thing was using Facebook to communicate with each other in order to make a big change. They tried a new thing causing a new change for the better. Alexander the great would agree to his because he believed in Hellenization which is the process of cultural diffusion meaning tying new things. He believed people should trade, make peace and explore new cultures not to stay in the same old traditions.
All over the world people are afraid to try new things, experience new emotions and learning new cultures. This quote portrays that if you want something you have to tr no matter what. It takes a brave person to try new tings and it isn't always easy. An event that reminds me of this quote is the wall street movement where the people were not afraid to go out into the streets and protest for their rights from the government even know they know they might not win or get injured. Also the Egyptian revolution was another incident were the Egyptians fought against their government and tried a new thing. Their new thing was using Facebook to communicate with each other in order to make a big change. They tried a new thing causing a new change for the better. Alexander the great would agree to his because he believed in Hellenization which is the process of cultural diffusion meaning tying new things. He believed people should trade, make peace and explore new cultures not to stay in the same old traditions.