The French Revolution
Causes of the French Revolution
Enlightenment Ideas
Enlightenment Ideas
- One reason for the french revolution is the French were inspired by the philosophers of the Enlightenment and their ideas
- Another reason is because of the American Revolution success -1775-1783 they as well wanted to copy them.
- A big reason was because King Louis XIV had spent almost all France’s money building palaces for himself.
- Poor people were lastly treated badly. Their was large differences between the rich and the poor
Some vocabulary to know......................
- Estates- French social classes
- Estates General – a group of representatives from various sections of French society.
- Bourgeoisie--French middle/ working class
The French Estates
In France people were split into estates, it was the french's social classes. The First estate was made up of the clergy. The Second estate was made up of the nobility. The Third estate was made up of the bourgeoisie, wage earners, and the peasantry. The third estate made up 90% of the population .The third estate paid the most taxes and were the poorest, while the first estate was the richest and paid the least taxes.
In France people were split into estates, it was the french's social classes. The First estate was made up of the clergy. The Second estate was made up of the nobility. The Third estate was made up of the bourgeoisie, wage earners, and the peasantry. The third estate made up 90% of the population .The third estate paid the most taxes and were the poorest, while the first estate was the richest and paid the least taxes.
The First And Second Estate
People who were in the First and second estates had many opportunities then the third estate. They pretty much had complete power over the third estate. They didn't have to do military services, were exempted form taxes and collected tolls form people. They lastly lived in luxury.
People who were in the First and second estates had many opportunities then the third estate. They pretty much had complete power over the third estate. They didn't have to do military services, were exempted form taxes and collected tolls form people. They lastly lived in luxury.
The Third Estate
The third estate was about 90 percent of the population and lived the hardest lives. They were forced to do military service and had to pay taxes to their lord, the king and the Church.
The third estate was about 90 percent of the population and lived the hardest lives. They were forced to do military service and had to pay taxes to their lord, the king and the Church.
Some Fun Facts on Napoleon
Napoleon was about 4 feet 8 inches which was very short. While being small he was able to control men who were twice his size. Since Napoleon was short he never liked taking pictures by himself just standing, he took pictures while he was riding a horse, his face only or wearing tons of clothing on a royal chair, he did this in order to show that he was tall. Lastly, when he was crowned he grabbed the crown out of the King's hand to show he didn't need the church's help.
Napoleon was about 4 feet 8 inches which was very short. While being small he was able to control men who were twice his size. Since Napoleon was short he never liked taking pictures by himself just standing, he took pictures while he was riding a horse, his face only or wearing tons of clothing on a royal chair, he did this in order to show that he was tall. Lastly, when he was crowned he grabbed the crown out of the King's hand to show he didn't need the church's help.
Under Napoleon (Education)
Napoleon won many military victories and was adored and hated as well by many. The education system changed in France. 4 grades of school were made primary, secondary, lycées (schools run on military lines) and technical schools. Education became very important and as well as military obedience and values. Science and became very important school subjects.
The Government
Napoleon as well changed the government in many positive ways as well He became emperor of France and made assemblies and members selected by himself instead of the church taking over all the time. All men were able to vote and all the laws were made by the assemblies by the peoples votes.
Napoleon won many military victories and was adored and hated as well by many. The education system changed in France. 4 grades of school were made primary, secondary, lycées (schools run on military lines) and technical schools. Education became very important and as well as military obedience and values. Science and became very important school subjects.
The Government
Napoleon as well changed the government in many positive ways as well He became emperor of France and made assemblies and members selected by himself instead of the church taking over all the time. All men were able to vote and all the laws were made by the assemblies by the peoples votes.
The End of Napoleon
Napoleon's Empire Grows:
1. By 1810 Napoleon had tremendously expanded French territory through military conquests
2. Some countries were now considered Satellite States, which meant they were dependent on France
Napoleon's Fall from Power:
1. Growth of nationalism in Satellite States
2. Block of trade from Great Britain hurt the economy of many satellite states
3. Removing the royals from Spain and replacing them with Napoleon's brother, Joseph which greatly angered the Spanish
4. Invasion of Russia
*The French attacked Russia in 1812 with 650,000 men
*The French won the first battle in the summer of 1812 and began to gain confidence
*Russians began retreating towards Moscow while destroying and burning their towns as they went
*The winter soon came and the French were forced to retreat without any resources
*Only 38,000 men survived the journey
The Official End of Napoleon:
1.He was banished to the island of Elba in 1814
2. He invaded France again in1815 with an army of his own
3. All of Europe united to fight against him
4. He was captured at the Battle of Waterloo and died in 1821
Napoleon's Empire Grows:
1. By 1810 Napoleon had tremendously expanded French territory through military conquests
2. Some countries were now considered Satellite States, which meant they were dependent on France
Napoleon's Fall from Power:
1. Growth of nationalism in Satellite States
2. Block of trade from Great Britain hurt the economy of many satellite states
3. Removing the royals from Spain and replacing them with Napoleon's brother, Joseph which greatly angered the Spanish
4. Invasion of Russia
*The French attacked Russia in 1812 with 650,000 men
*The French won the first battle in the summer of 1812 and began to gain confidence
*Russians began retreating towards Moscow while destroying and burning their towns as they went
*The winter soon came and the French were forced to retreat without any resources
*Only 38,000 men survived the journey
The Official End of Napoleon:
1.He was banished to the island of Elba in 1814
2. He invaded France again in1815 with an army of his own
3. All of Europe united to fight against him
4. He was captured at the Battle of Waterloo and died in 1821
Some vocabulary.............
Coup d’etat-- a takeover of power
Nationalism--Love for ones country
Royalist- a supporter of the King
Jacobin- radical French revolutionary
Coup d’etat-- a takeover of power
Nationalism--Love for ones country
Royalist- a supporter of the King
Jacobin- radical French revolutionary
The Revolution Begins
Spring of 1789
Spring of 1789
- The 3rd estate writes the Tennis Court Oath
- Though it was a step in the right direction not much happens as a result
July 14th 1789-- Storming of the Bastille
- A hungry Paris mob storms the Bastille (a prison) b/c it was a symbol of the King’s gov.People were poisoned and killed for stupid reasons like cutting a tree down, crying over husband's death.
- The army refuses to stop them because they were as well from the third estate.
- Considered the official beginning of the French Revolution!!
August 4th 1789 - “Declaration of the Rights of Man” is written
Liberty-Meaning to have a voice and be free.
Equality- To be treated equally as the 1st estate.
Fraternity- Brotherhood meaning trust.
- King Louis was forced to sign and agree to uphold it
- Contains Enlightenment ideas
- French Rev. Slogan : “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”
Liberty-Meaning to have a voice and be free.
Equality- To be treated equally as the 1st estate.
Fraternity- Brotherhood meaning trust.
New Constitution 1789-1791
- Created by the National Assembly (the updated Estates General)
- Creates a limited monarchy in France with much more power for the people
Death to the King!
The method of death during the French revolution was the guillotine. It was a sharp knife that was hooked to 2 large pieces of wood and when it fell it would fall on the neck of the prisoner and they would die.
- King Louis was put on trial in December 1792
- He was charged with being a traitor to the people of France
- He was found guilty and sentenced to DEATH!
The method of death during the French revolution was the guillotine. It was a sharp knife that was hooked to 2 large pieces of wood and when it fell it would fall on the neck of the prisoner and they would die.